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Compare Seychelles (2005) - Jan Mayen (2003)

Compare Seychelles (2005) z Jan Mayen (2003)

 Seychelles (2005)Jan Mayen (2003)
 SeychellesJan Mayen
Administrative divisions 23 administrative districts; Anse aux Pins, Anse Boileau, Anse Etoile, Anse Louis, Anse Royale, Baie Lazare, Baie Sainte Anne, Beau Vallon, Bel Air, Bel Ombre, Cascade, Glacis, Grand' Anse (on Mahe), Grand' Anse (on Praslin), La Digue, La Riviere Anglaise, Mont Buxton, Mont Fleuri, Plaisance, Pointe La Rue, Port Glaud, Saint Louis, Takamaka -
Age structure 0-14 years: 26.4% (male 10,839/female 10,601)


15-64 years: 67.4% (male 26,709/female 28,025)


65 years and over: 6.2% (male 1,622/female 3,392) (2005 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products coconuts, cinnamon, vanilla, sweet potatoes, cassava (tapioca), bananas; broiler chickens; tuna fish -
Airports 15 (2004 est.) 1 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways total: 8


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 4


under 914 m: 3 (2004 est.)		 -
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 7


914 to 1,523 m: 3


under 914 m: 4 (2004 est.)		 total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)
Area total: 455 sq km


land: 455 sq km


water: 0 sq km		 total: 373 sq km


land: 373 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC
Background A lengthy struggle between France and Great Britain for the islands ended in 1814, when they were ceded to the latter. Independence came in 1976. Socialist rule was brought to a close with a new constitution and free elections in 1993. The most recent presidential elections were held in 2001; President RENE, who had served since 1977, was re-elected. In April 2004 RENE stepped down and Vice President James MICHEL was sworn in as president. This desolate, mountainous island was named after a Dutch whaling captain who indisputably discovered it in 1614 (earlier claims are inconclusive). Visited only occasionally by seal hunters and trappers over the following centuries, the island came under Norwegian sovereignty in 1929. The long dormant Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg volcano resumed activity in 1970; it is the northernmost active volcano on earth.
Birth rate 16.22 births/1,000 population (2005 est.) -
Budget revenues: $318.3 million


expenditures: $298.5 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2004 est.)		 -
Capital Victoria -
Climate tropical marine; humid; cooler season during southeast monsoon (late May to September); warmer season during northwest monsoon (March to May) arctic maritime with frequent storms and persistent fog
Coastline 491 km 124.1 km
Constitution 18 June 1993 -
Country name conventional long form: Republic of Seychelles


conventional short form: Seychelles		 conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Jan Mayen
Death rate 6.34 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.) -
Debt - external $218.1 million (2004 est.) -
Dependency status - territory of Norway; since August 1994, administered from Oslo through the county governor (fylkesmann) of Nordland; however, authority has been delegated to a station commander of the Norwegian Defense Communication Service
Diplomatic representation from the US the US does not have an embassy in Seychelles; the ambassador to Mauritius is accredited to the Seychelles -
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Claude Sylvestre MOREL


chancery: 800 Second Avenue, Suite 400C, New York, NY 10017


telephone: [1] (212) 972-1785


FAX: [1] (212) 972-1786		 -
Disputes - international together with Mauritius, Seychelles claims the Chagos Archipelago (UK-administered British Indian Ocean Territory) none
Economic aid - recipient $16.4 million (1995) -
Economy - overview Since independence in 1976, per capita output in this Indian Ocean archipelago has expanded to roughly seven times the old near-subsistence level. Growth has been led by the tourist sector, which employs about 30% of the labor force and provides more than 70% of hard currency earnings, and by tuna fishing. In recent years the government has encouraged foreign investment in order to upgrade hotels and other services. At the same time, the government has moved to reduce the dependence on tourism by promoting the development of farming, fishing, and small-scale manufacturing. A sharp drop illustrated the vulnerability of the tourist sector in 1991-92 due largely to the Gulf war, and once again following the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks on the US. Growth slowed in 1998-2002, and fell in 2003, due to sluggish tourist and tuna sectors, but resumed in 2004, erasing a persistent budget deficit. Tight controls on exchange rates and the scarcity of foreign exchange have impaired short-term economic prospects. The black market value of the Seychelles rupee is half the official exchange rate; without a devaluation of the currency the tourist sector may remain sluggish as vacationers seek cheaper destinations such as Comoros, Mauritius, and Madagascar. Jan Mayen is a volcanic island with no exploitable natural resources. Economic activity is limited to providing services for employees of Norway's radio and meteorological stations located on the island.
Electricity - consumption 202.8 million kWh (2002) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2002) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2002) -
Electricity - production 218 million kWh (2002) -
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Morne Seychellois 905 m		 lowest point: Norwegian Sea 0 m


highest point: Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg 2,277 m
Environment - current issues water supply depends on catchments to collect rainwater NA
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements		 -
Ethnic groups mixed French, African, Indian, Chinese, and Arab -
Exchange rates Seychelles rupees per US dollar - 5.5 (2004), 5.4007 (2003), 5.48 (2002), 5.8575 (2001), 5.7138 (2000) -
Executive branch chief of state: President James MICHEL (since 14 April 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President James MICHEL (since 14 April 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president


elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 31 August-2 September 2001 (next to be held NA 2006)


election results: France Albert RENE re-elected president; percent of vote - France Albert RENE (SPPF) 54.19%, Wavel RAMKALAWAN (UO) 44.95%, Philippe BOULLE 0.86%; note - the first time that presidential elections have been held separately from legislative elections; France Albert RENE stepped down 14 April 2004 and Vice President James MICHEL was sworn in as president		 -
Exports NA -
Exports - commodities canned tuna, frozen fish, cinnamon bark, copra, petroleum products (reexports) -
Exports - partners UK 27.7%, France 15.8%, Spain 12.6%, Japan 8.6%, Italy 7.5%, Germany 5.6% (2004) -
Fiscal year calendar year -
Flag description five oblique bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, red, white, and green (bottom) radiating from the bottom of the hoist side the flag of Norway is used
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 2.8%


industry: 28.7%


services: 68.9% (2004 est.)		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $7,800 (2002 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 1.5% (2004 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 4 35 S, 55 40 E 71 00 N, 8 00 W
Geography - note 41 granitic and about 75 coralline islands barren volcanic island with some moss and grass
Highways total: 373 km


paved: 315 km


unpaved: 58 km (1997 est.)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA		 -
Imports NA -
Imports - commodities machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products, chemicals -
Imports - partners Saudi Arabia 15.5%, Spain 13.3%, France 10.3%, Singapore 7%, South Africa 6.8%, Italy 6.7%, UK 4.7% (2004) -
Independence 29 June 1976 (from UK) -
Industrial production growth rate NA -
Industries fishing; tourism; processing of coconuts and vanilla, coir (coconut fiber) rope, boat building, printing, furniture; beverages -
Infant mortality rate total: 15.53 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 19.65 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 11.28 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)		 -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 5% (2004 est.) -
International organization participation ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, C, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICFTU, ICRM, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MIGA, NAM, OPCW, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO (observer) -
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 13 (Jan Mayen and Svalbard) (2000)
Irrigated land NA sq km 0 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Court of Appeal; Supreme Court; judges for both courts are appointed by the president -
Labor force 30,900 (1996) -
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 10%, industry 19%, services 71% (1989) -
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 2.22%


permanent crops: 13.33%


other: 84.45% (2001)		 arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (1998 est.)
Languages Creole 91.8%, English 4.9% (official), other 3.1%, unspecified 0.2% (2002 census) -
Legal system based on English common law, French civil law, and customary law the laws of Norway, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (34 seats - 25 elected by popular vote, 9 allocated on a proportional basis to parties winning at least 10% of the vote; members serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 4-6 December 2002 (next to be held by 2007)


election results: percent of vote by party - SPPF 54.3%, SNP 42.6%, DP 3.1%; seats by party - SPPF 23, SNP 11


note: the 9 awarded seats are apportioned according to the percentage that each party won of the total vote		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population: 71.82 years


male: 66.41 years


female: 77.4 years (2005 est.)		 -
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 91.9%


male: 91.4%


female: 92.3% (2003 est.)		 -
Location archipelago in the Indian Ocean, northeast of Madagascar Northern Europe, island between the Greenland Sea and the Norwegian Sea, northeast of Iceland
Map references Africa Arctic Region
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin		 contiguous zone: 10 NM


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation


exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 4 NM
Merchant marine total: 5 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 42,223 GRT/63,538 DWT


by type: cargo 1, chemical tanker 3, refrigerated cargo 1


foreign-owned: 1 (Nigeria 1) (2005)		 -
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of Norway
Military branches Seychelles Defense Force: Army, Coast Guard (includes Navy Wing, Air Wing), National Guard (2005) -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $12.3 million (2004) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 1.8% (2004) -
National holiday Constitution Day (National Day), 18 June (1993) -
Nationality noun: Seychellois (singular and plural)


adjective: Seychellois		 -
Natural hazards lies outside the cyclone belt, so severe storms are rare; short droughts possible dominated by the volcano Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg; volcanic activity resumed in 1970
Natural resources fish, copra, cinnamon trees none
Net migration rate -5.54 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.) -
Political parties and leaders Democratic Party or DP [James MANCHAM, Daniel BELLE]; Mouvement Seychellois pour la Democratie [Jacques HODOUL]; Seychelles National Party or SNP (formerly the United Opposition or UO) [Wavel RAMKALAWAN]; Seychelles People's Progressive Front or SPPF [France Albert RENE, James MICHEL] - the governing party -
Political pressure groups and leaders Roman Catholic Church; trade unions -
Population 81,188 (July 2005 est.) no indigenous inhabitants


note: personnel operate the Long Range Navigation (Loran-C) base and the weather and coastal services radio station (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line NA -
Population growth rate 0.43% (2005 est.) -
Ports and harbors Victoria none; offshore anchorage only
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 2 (1998) AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA


note: there is one radio and meteorological station (1998)
Religions Roman Catholic 82.3%, Anglican 6.4%, Seventh Day Adventist 1.1%, other Christian 3.4%, Hindu 2.1%, Muslim 1.1%, other non-Christian 1.5%, unspecified 1.5%, none 0.6% (2002 census) -
Sex ratio at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.48 male(s)/female


total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2005 est.)		 -
Suffrage 17 years of age; universal -
Telephone system general assessment: effective system


domestic: radiotelephone communications between islands in the archipelago


international: country code - 248; direct radiotelephone communications with adjacent island countries and African coastal countries; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)		 -
Telephones - main lines in use 21,700 (2002) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 54,500 (2003) -
Television broadcast stations 2 (plus 9 repeaters) (1997) -
Terrain Mahe Group is granitic, narrow coastal strip, rocky, hilly; others are coral, flat, elevated reefs volcanic island, partly covered by glaciers
Total fertility rate 1.75 children born/woman (2005 est.) -
Unemployment rate NA -
Waterways - none
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